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<sect1 id="zend.measure.types">
    <title>Types of measurements</title>

    <para>
        All supported measurement types are listed below, each with an example of the standard usage
        for such measurements.
    </para>

    <table id="zend.measure.types.table-1">
        <title>List of measurement types</title>

        <tgroup cols="4">
            <thead>
                <row>
                    <entry>Typ</entry>
                    <entry>Class</entry>
                    <entry>Standardunit</entry>
                    <entry>Description</entry>
                </row>
            </thead>

            <tbody>
                <row>
                    <entry>Acceleration</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Acceleration</entry>
                    <entry>Meter per square second | <code>m/s²</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Acceleration</classname> covers the
                        physical factor of acceleration.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Angle</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Angle</entry>
                    <entry>Radiant | <code>rad</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Angle</classname> covers angular dimensions.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Area</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Area</entry>
                    <entry>Square meter | <code>m²</code></entry>
                    <entry><classname>Zend_Measure_Area</classname> covers square measures.</entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Binary</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Binary</entry>
                    <entry>Byte | <code>b</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Binary</classname> covers binary conversions.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Capacitance</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Capacitance</entry>
                    <entry>Farad | <code>F</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Capacitance</classname> covers physical factor of
                        capacitance.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Cooking volumes</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Cooking_Volume</entry>
                    <entry>Cubic meter | <code>m³</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Cooking_Volume</classname> covers volumes
                        which are used for cooking or written in cookbooks.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Cooking weights</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Cooking_Weight</entry>
                    <entry>Gram | <code>g</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Cooking_Weight</classname> covers the weights
                        which are used for cooking or written in cookbooks.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Current</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Current</entry>
                    <entry>Ampere | <code>A</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Current</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        current.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Density</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Density</entry>
                    <entry>Kilogram per cubic meter | <code>kg/m³</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Density</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        density.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Energy</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Energy</entry>
                    <entry>Joule | <code>J</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Energy</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        energy.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Force</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Force</entry>
                    <entry>Newton | <code>N</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Force</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        force.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Flow (mass)</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Flow_Mass</entry>
                    <entry>Kilogram per second | <code>kg/s</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Flow_Mass</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        flow rate. The weight of the flowing mass is used as reference point within
                        this class.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Flow (mole)</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Flow_Mole</entry>
                    <entry>Mole per second | <code>mol/s</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Flow_Mole</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        flow rate. The density of the flowing mass is used as reference point within
                        this class.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Flow (volume)</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Flow_Volume</entry>
                    <entry>Cubic meter per second | <code>m³/s</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Flow_Volume</classname> covers the physical factor
                        of flow rate. The volume of the flowing mass is used as reference point
                        within this class.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Frequency</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Frequency</entry>
                    <entry>Hertz | <code>Hz</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Frequency</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        frequency.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Illumination</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Illumination</entry>
                    <entry>Lux | <code>lx</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Illumination</classname> covers the physical factor
                        of light density.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Length</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Length</entry>
                    <entry>Meter | <code>m</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Length</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        length.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Lightness</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Lightness</entry>
                    <entry>Candela per square meter | <code>cd/m²</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Ligntness</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        light energy.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Number</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Number</entry>
                    <entry>Decimal | <code>(10)</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Number</classname> converts between number formats.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Power</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Power</entry>
                    <entry>Watt | <code>W</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Power</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        power.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Pressure</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Pressure</entry>
                    <entry>Newton per square meter | <code>N/m²</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Pressure</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        pressure.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Speed</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Speed</entry>
                    <entry>Meter per second | <code>m/s</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Speed</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        speed.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Temperature</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Temperature</entry>
                    <entry>Kelvin | <code>K</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Temperature</classname> covers the physical factor
                        of temperature.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Time</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Time</entry>
                    <entry>Second | <code>s</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Time</classname> covers the physical factor of time.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Torque</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Torque</entry>
                    <entry>Newton meter | <code>Nm</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Torque</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        torque.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Viscosity (dynamic)</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Viscosity_Dynamic</entry>
                    <entry>Kilogram per meter second | <code>kg/ms</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Viscosity_Dynamic</classname> covers the physical
                        factor of viscosity. The weight of the fluid is used as reference point
                        within this class.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Viscosity (kinematic)</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Viscosity_Kinematic</entry>
                    <entry>Square meter per second | <code>m²/s</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Viscosity_Kinematic</classname> covers the physical
                        factor of viscosity. The distance of the flown fluid is used as reference
                        point within this class.
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Volume</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Volume</entry>
                    <entry>Cubic meter | <code>m³</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Volume</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        volume (content).
                    </entry>
                </row>

                <row>
                    <entry>Weight</entry>
                    <entry>Zend_Measure_Weight</entry>
                    <entry>Kilogram | <code>kg</code></entry>

                    <entry>
                        <classname>Zend_Measure_Weight</classname> covers the physical factor of
                        weight.
                    </entry>
                </row>
            </tbody>
        </tgroup>
    </table>

    <sect2 id="zend.measure.types.binary">
        <title>Hints for Zend_Measure_Binary</title>

        <para>
            Some popular binary conventions, include terms like kilo-, mega-, giga, etc. in normal
            language use imply base 10, such as 1000 or 10³. However, in the binary format for
            computers these terms have to be seen for a conversion factor of 1024 instead of 1000.
            To preclude confusions a few years ago the notation BI was introduced. Instead of
            kilobyte, kibibyte for kilo-binary-byte should be used.
        </para>

        <para>
            In the class BINARY both notations can be found, such as <code>KILOBYTE = 1024 - binary
            conputer conversion KIBIBYTE = 1024 - new notation KILO_BINARY_BYTE = 1024 - new</code>,
            or the notation, long format
            <code>KILOBYTE_SI = 1000 - SI notation for kilo (1000)</code>. DVDs for example are
            marked with the SI-notation, but almost all harddisks are marked in computer binary
            notation.
        </para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="zend.measure.types.decimal">
        <title>Hints for Zend_Measure_Number</title>

        <para>
            The best known number format is the decimal system. Additionally this class supports the
            octal system, the hexadecimal system, the binary system, the roman number system and
            some other less popular systems. Note that only the decimal part of numbers is handled.
            Any fractional part will be stripped.
        </para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="zend.measure.types.roman">
        <title>Roman numbers</title>

        <para>
            For the roman number system digits greater 4000 are supported. In reality these digits
            are shown with a crossbeam on top of the digit. As the crossbeam can not be shown within
            the computer, an underline has to be used instead of it.
        </para>

        <programlisting language="php"><![CDATA[
$great = '_X';
$locale = new Zend_Locale('en');
$unit = new Zend_Measure_Number($great,Zend_Measure_Number::ROMAN, $locale);

// convert to the decimal system
echo $unit->convertTo(Zend_Measure_Number::DECIMAL);
]]></programlisting>
    </sect2>
</sect1>
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