Normalization and LocalizationZend_Locale_Format is a internal component used by Zend_Locale. All locale aware classes use
Zend_Locale_Format for normalization and localization of numbers and dates. Normalization involves
parsing input from a variety of data representations, like dates, into a standardized, structured
representation, such as a PHP array with year, month, and day elements.
The exact same string containing a number or a date might mean different things to people with different customs
and conventions. Disambiguation of numbers and dates requires rules about how to interpret these strings and
normalize the values into a standardized data structure. Thus, all methods in Zend_Locale_Format
require a locale in order to parse the input data.
Default "root" Locale
If no locale is specified, then normalization and localization will use the standard "root" locale,
which might yield unexpected behavior, if the input originated in a different locale, or output for a
specific locale was expected.
Number normalization: getNumber($input, Array $options)
There are many
number systems
different from the common
decimal system
(e.g. "3.14"). Numbers can be normalized with the getNumber() function to obtain the standard
decimal representation. for all number-related discussions in this manual,
Arabic/European numerals (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)
are implied, unless explicitly stated otherwise. The options array may contain a 'locale' to define grouping
and decimal characters. The array may also have a 'precision' to truncate excess digits from the result.
Number normalization $locale,
'precision' => 3)
);
print $number; // will return 13524.678
]]>Precision and Calculations
Since getNumber($value, array $options = array()) can normalize extremely large numbers,
check the result carefully before using finite precision calculations, such as ordinary PHP math
operations. For example, if ((string)int_val($number) != $number) { use
BCMath
or
GMP. Most PHP installations support the BCMath extension.
Also, the precision of the resulting decimal representation can be rounded to a desired length with
getNumber() with the option 'precision'. If no precision is given,
no rounding occurs. Use only PHP integers to specify the precision.
If the resulting decimal representation should be truncated to a desired length instead of rounded
the option 'number_format' can be used instead. Define the length of the decimal
representation with the desired length of zeros. The result will then not be rounded.
So if the defined precision within number_format is zero the value "1.6" will
return "1", not "2. See the example nearby:
Number normalization with precision 1,
'locale' => $locale)
);
print $number; // will return 13524.7
$number = Zend_Locale_Format::getNumber('13.524,678',
array('number_format' => '#.00',
'locale' => $locale)
);
print $number; // will return 13524.67
]]>Number localizationtoNumber($value, array $options = array()) can localize numbers to the following
supported locales
. This function will return a localized string of the given number in a conventional format for a specific
locale. The 'number_format' option explicitly specifies a non-default number format for use with
toNumber().
Number localization $locale));
// will return 13.547,36
print $number;
]]>Unlimited lengthtoNumber() can localize numbers with unlimited length. It is not related to integer or
float limitations.
The same way as within getNumber(), toNumber() handles precision. If no precision
is given, the complete localized number will be returned.
Number localization with precision 2,
'locale' => $locale));
// will return 13.547,37
print $number;
]]>
Using the option 'number_format' a self defined format for generating a number can be defined.
The format itself has to be given in CLDR format as described below. The locale is used to get
separation, precision and other number formatting signs from it. German for example defines
',' as precision separation and in English the '.' sign is used.
Format tokens for self generated number formats
TokenDescriptionExample formatGenerated output#0Generates a number without precision and separation#01234567,Generates a separation with the length from separation to next separation or to 0#,##01,234,567#,##,##0Generates a standard separation of 3 and all following separations with 2#,##,##012,34,567.Generates a precision#0.#1234567.12340Generates a precision with a defined length#0.001234567.12
Using a self defined number format '#,#0.00',
'locale' => 'de')
);
// will return 1.35.47,36
print $number;
$number = Zend_Locale_Format::toNumber(13547.3,
array('number_format' => '#,##0.00',
'locale' => 'de')
);
// will return 13.547,30
print $number;
]]>Number testingisNumber($value, array $options = array()) checks if a given string is a number and returns
true or false.
Number testing 'de_AT')) {
print "Number";
} else {
print "not a Number";
}
]]>Float value normalization
Floating point values can be parsed with the getFloat($value, array $options = array())
function. A floating point value will be returned.
Floating point value normalization 2,
'locale' => $locale)
);
// will return 13524.68
print $number;
]]>Floating point value localizationtoFloat() can localize floating point values. This function will return a localized string of
the given number.
Floating point value localization 1,
'locale' => $locale)
);
// will return 13.547,4
print $number;
]]>Floating point value testingisFloat($value, array $options = array()) checks if a given string is a floating point value
and returns true or false.
Floating point value testing $locale)) {
print "float";
} else {
print "not a float";
}
]]>Integer value normalization
Integer values can be parsed with the getInteger() function. A integer value will be returned.
Integer value normalization $locale));
// will return 13524
print $number;
]]>Integer point value localizationtoInteger($value, array $options = array()) can localize integer values. This function will
return a localized string of the given number.
Integer value localization $locale));
// will return 13.547
print $number;
]]>Integer value testingisInteger($value, array $options = array()) checks if a given string is a integer value and
returns true or false.
Integer value testing $locale)) {
print "integer";
} else {
print "not a integer";
}
]]>Numeral System ConversionZend_Locale_Format::convertNumerals() converts digits between different
numeral systems
, including the standard Arabic/European/Latin numeral system (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9), not to be confused with
Eastern Arabic numerals
sometimes used with the Arabic language to express numerals. Attempts to use an unsupported numeral system
will result in an exception, to avoid accidentally performing an incorrect conversion due to a spelling
error. All characters in the input, which are not numerals for the selected numeral system, are copied to
the output with no conversion provided for unit separator characters. Zend_Locale* components
rely on the data provided by CLDR (see their
list of scripts grouped by language).
In CLDR and hereafter, the Europena/Latin numerals will
be referred to as "Latin" or by the assigned 4-letter code "Latn".
Also, the CLDR refers to this numeral systems as "scripts".
Suppose a web form collected a numeric input expressed using Eastern Arabic digits "١٠٠".
Most software and PHP functions expect input using Arabic numerals. Fortunately, converting this input
to its equivalent Latin numerals "100" requires little effort using
convertNumerals($inputNumeralString, $sourceNumeralSystem, $destNumeralSystem)
, which returns the $input with numerals in the script $sourceNumeralSystem
converted to the script $destNumeralSystem.
Converting numerals from Eastern Arabic scripts to European/Latin scripts
Similarly, any of the supported numeral systems may be converted to any other supported numeral system.
Converting numerals from Latin script to Eastern Arabic scriptGetting 4 letter CLDR script code using a native-language name of the script
For a list of supported numeral systems call
Zend_Locale::getTranslationList('numberingsystem', 'en').