repo_zf1/documentation/manual/id/module_specs/Zend_View-Introduction.xml

<sect1 id="zend.view.introduction">
    <title>Pendahuluan</title>

    <para>
        Zend_View adalah class yang dapat Anda gunakan untuk bekerja dengan
        bagian "view" dari pola model-view-controller. Yaitu untuk menjaga
        view script terpisah dari model dan controller script. Zend_View
        menyediakan sebuah sistem pembantu (helpers), output filters dan
        variable escaping.
    </para>

    <para>
        Zend_View is template system agnostic; you may use PHP as
        your template language, or create instances of other
        template systems and manipulate them within your view
        script.
    </para>

    <para>
        Essentially, using Zend_View happens in two major steps:

        1.  Your controller script creates an instance of
        Zend_View and assigns variables to that instance.

        2. The controller tells the Zend_View to render a particular
        view, thereby handing control over the view script, which
        generates the view output.
    </para>

    <sect2 id="zend.view.introduction.controller">
        <title>Controller Script</title>

        <para>
            As a simple example, let us say your controller has a list
            of book data that it wants to have rendered by a view.  The
            controller script might look something like this:
        </para>

        <programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[<?php
// use a model to get the data for book authors and titles.
$data = array(
    array(
        'author' => 'Hernando de Soto',
        'title' => 'The Mystery of Capitalism'
    ),
    array(
        'author' => 'Henry Hazlitt',
        'title' => 'Economics in One Lesson'
    ),
    array(
        'author' => 'Milton Friedman',
        'title' => 'Free to Choose'
    )
);

// now assign the book data to a Zend_View instance
Zend_Loader::loadClass('Zend_View');
$view = new Zend_View();
$view->books = $data;

// and render a view script called "booklist.php"
echo $view->render('booklist.php');]]>
        </programlisting>

    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="zend.view.introduction.view">

        <title>View Script</title>

        <para>
            Now we need the associated view script, "booklist.php".
            This is a PHP script like any other, with one exception:  it
            executes inside the scope of the Zend_View instance, which
            means that references to $this point to the Zend_View
            instance properties and methods.  (Variables assigned to the
            instance by the controller are public properties of the
            Zend_View instance.)  Thus, a very basic view script could
            look like this:
        </para>

        <programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[<?php if ($this->books): ?>

    <!-- A table of some books. -->
    <table>
        <tr>
            <th>Author</th>
            <th>Title</th>
        </tr>

        <?php foreach ($this->books as $key => $val): ?>
        <tr>
            <td><?php echo $this->escape($val['author']) ?></td>
            <td><?php echo $this->escape($val['title']) ?></td>
        </tr>
        <?php endforeach; ?>

    </table>

<?php else: ?>

    <p>There are no books to display.</p>

<?php endif;]]>
        </programlisting>

        <para>
            Note how we use the "escape()" method to apply output
            escaping to variables.
        </para>

    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="zend.view.introduction.options">
        <title>Options</title>

        <para>
            <code>Zend_View</code> has several options that may be set to
            configure the behaviour of your view scripts.
        </para>

        <itemizedlist>
            <listitem>
                <para>
                    <code>basePath:</code> indicate a base path from which to set
                    the script, helper, and filter path. It assumes a directory
                    structure of:
                </para>

                <programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[
base/path/
    helpers/
    filters/
    scripts/]]>
                </programlisting>

                <para>
                    This may be set via <code>setBasePath()</code>,
                    <code>addBasePath()</code>, or the <code>basePath</code>
                    option to the constructor.
                </para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem><para>
                <code>encoding:</code> indicate the character encoding to use
                with <code>htmlentities()</code>,
                <code>htmlspecialchars()</code>, and other operations. Defaults
                to ISO-8859-1 (latin1). May be set via
                <code>setEncoding()</code> or the <code>encoding</code> option
                to the constructor.
            </para></listitem>

            <listitem><para>
                <code>escape:</code> indicate a callback to be used by
                <code>escape()</code>. May be set via <code>setEscape()</code>
                or the <code>escape</code> option to the constructor.
            </para></listitem>

            <listitem><para>
                <code>filter:</code> indicate a filter to use after rendering
                a view script. May be set via <code>setFilter()</code>,
                <code>addFilter()</code>, or the <code>filter</code> option to
                the constructor.
            </para></listitem>

            <listitem><para>
                <code>strictVars:</code> force <code>Zend_View</code> to emit
                notices and warnings when uninitialized view variables are
                accessed. This may be set by calling
                <code>strictVars(true)</code> or passing the
                <code>strictVars</code> option to the constructor.
            </para></listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="zend.view.introduction.accessors">
        <title>Utility Accessors</title>

        <para>
            Typically, you'll only ever need to call on <code>assign()</code>,
            <code>render()</code>, or one of the methods for setting/adding
            filter, helper, and script paths. However, if you wish to extend
            <code>Zend_View</code> yourself, or need access to some of its
            internals, a number of accessors exist:
        </para>

        <itemizedlist>
            <listitem>
                <para>
                    <code>getVars()</code> will return all assigned variables.
                </para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
                <para>
                    <code>clearVars()</code> will clear all assigned variables;
                    useful when you wish to re-use a view object, but want to
                    control what variables are available..
                </para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
                <para>
                    <code>getScriptPath($script)</code> will retrieve the
                    resolved path to a given view script.
                </para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
                <para>
                    <code>getScriptPaths()</code> will retrieve all registered
                    script paths.
                </para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
                <para>
                    <code>getHelperPath($helper)</code> will retrieve the
                    resolved path to the named helper class.
                </para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
                <para>
                    <code>getHelperPaths()</code> will retrieve all registered
                    helper paths.
                </para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
                <para>
                    <code>getFilterPath($filter)</code> will retrieve the
                    resolved path to the named filter class.
                </para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
                <para>
                    <code>getFilterPaths()</code> will retrieve all registered
                    filter paths.
                </para>
            </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
    </sect2>
</sect1>
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